A Phase I/Ib Study of ASP2138 in Participants With Metastatic or Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Whose Tumors Have Claudin (CLDN) 18.2 Expression
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Study Summary
To evaluate ASP2138 in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
To assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of ASP2138 in Participants With Metastatic or Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Whose Tumors Have Claudin (CLDN) 18.2 Expression
To evaluate the safety and tolerability of ASP2138 and determine the maximum tolerated dose and/or recommended dosing regimen for Phase 2 studies.
To evaluating the pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity of ASP2138
To evaluate changes in Claudin (CLDN) 18.2 and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor expression associated with ASP2138 administration.
- Inclusion Criteria: Participant is considered an adult according to local regulation at the time of signing the informed consent form (ICF). Female participant is not pregnant, confirmed by serum pregnancy test &vmedical evaluation by interview & at least 1 of the following conditions apply: Not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) WOCBP who agrees to follow the contraceptive guidance from the time of informed consent through at least 6 months after final study intervention administration. Female participant must agree not to breastfeed starting at screening & throughout the study period & for 6 months after the final study intervention administration. Female participant must not donate ova starting at screening & throughout the study period & for 6 months after the final study intervention administration. Male participant with female partner(s) of childbearing potential (including breastfeeding partner) must agree to use contraception throughout the treatment period & for 6 months after the final study intervention administration. Male participant must not donate sperm during the treatment period & for 6 months after the final study intervention administration. Male participant with pregnant or breastfeeding partner(s) must agree to remain abstinent or use a condom for the duration of the pregnancy or time partner is breastfeeding throughout the study period & for 6 months after the final study intervention administration. Participant's tumor sample is positive for claudin (CLDN)18.2 expression by central immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. Participant has radiographically-confirmed, locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic disease within 28 days prior to the first dose of study intervention. Participant has at least 1 measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 within 28 days prior to the first dose of study intervention. Lesions situated in a previously irradiated area are considered measurable if progression has been demonstrated in such lesions. Participant has QT interval by Fredericia (QTcF) =< 470 msec. Participant agrees not to participate in another interventional study while receiving study Intervention in the present study. Participant has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. Participant has predicted life expectancy >= 12 weeks. Participant must meet all of criteria based on laboratory tests within 7 days prior to the first dose of study Intervention. In case of multiple laboratory data within this period, the most recent data should be used. If a participant has received a recent blood transfusion, the laboratory tests must be obtained >= 1 week after any blood transfusion. Monotherapy Disease specific Criteria: Gastric/GEJ Cancer Participant has histologically confirmed metastatic, locally advanced unresectable gastric/gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. Escalation: Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma who has progressed, is intolerant, has refused, or for whom there is no standard approved therapies that impart significant clinical benefit (no limit to the number of prior treatment regimens). Unique to South Korea: Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma who has refused standard approved therapies is not allowed. Expansion: Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma must have received no more than 3 prior lines of systemic chemotherapy treatment. Unique to EU: Expansion: Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma must have received at least first-line standard therapies in the metastatic setting, must have received ramucirumab treatment if eligible & where ramucirumab is available, & no more than 3 prior lines of systemic chemotherapy treatment. Monotherapy Disease specific Criteria: Pancreatic Cancer Participant has histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Escalation: Participant with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who has progressed, is intolerant, has refused, or for whom there is no standard approved therapies that impart significant clinical benefit (no limit to the number of prior treatment regimens). Unique to South Korea: Participant with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who has refused standard approved therapies is not allowed. Expansion: Participants with pancreatic adenocarcinoma must have received no more than 2 prior lines of systemic chemotherapy treatment. Note: Participants with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma will not be admitted in monotherapy arms. Unique to EU: Participant with pancreatic adenocarcinoma must have received at least first-line standard therapies in the metastatic setting & no more than 2 prior lines of systemic chemotherapy treatment. For all participants in combination therapy (CT) administration: If a participant has received a recent blood transfusion, the laboratory tests must be obtained ≥ 1 week after any blood transfusion. Combination Therapy Disease-specific (CTDS) Inclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with Pembrolizumab & mFOLFOX6 as First-line Therapy in Gastric/GEJ Cancer Participant has histologically confirmed diagnosis of gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Participant has metastatic or locally advanced unresectable gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma has progressed & must not have been previously treated for metastatic disease with either chemotherapy or prior checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Participant has a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative tumor per local testing. For CT with oxaliplatin, follow contraception guidelines from time of informed consent through at least 9 months after final study intervention. (Unique to South Korea: For CT with oxaliplatin, follow contraception guidelines from time of informed consent through at least 15 months after final study intervention for women & 12 months after final study intervention for men). Unique to EU: Participant must have a PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1. CTDS Inclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with Ramucirumab & Paclitaxel as Second-line Therapy in Gastric/GEJ Cancer Participant has histologically confirmed diagnosis of gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Participant has metastatic or locally advanced unresectable gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma must have previously received 1 line of systemic chemotherapy treatment (i.e., documented objective radiological or clinical disease progression after first line platinum & fluoropyrimidine treatment in the metastatic setting or disease progression during or within 4 months of the last dose of perioperative treatment. CTDS Inclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with mFOLFIRINOX as First-line Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer Participant has histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Participant has confirmed metastatic or locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Participant has pancreatic adenocarcinoma, has progressed & must not have received prior systemic anticancer therapy for their advanced disease. For CT with oxaliplatin, follow contraception guidelines from time of informed consent through at least 9 months after final study intervention. (Unique to South Korea: For CT with oxaliplatin, follow contraception guidelines from time of informed consent through at least 15 months after final study intervention for women & 12 months after final study intervention for men). Japan & Korea Specific: For All Participants in ASP2138 in Combination with Pembrolizumab & CAPOX: - If a participant has received a recent blood transfusion, the laboratory tests must be obtained ≥ 1 week after any blood transfusion. CTDS Inclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with Pembrolizumab & CAPOX as First-line Therapy in Gastric/GEJ Cancer Participant has histologically confirmed diagnosis of gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Participant has metastatic or locally advanced unresectable gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Participant with gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma must not have been previously treated for metastatic disease with either chemotherapy or prior checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Participants have a HER2-negative tumor per local testing. For CT with oxaliplatin, follow contraception guidelines from time of informed consent through at least 9 months after final study intervention.
- 1Before conducting any research-related procedures (including discontinuation of prohibited drugs, if applicable), written informed consent approved by the IRB/IEC and a privacy statement required by national regulations (such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of the United States) must be obtained from the research subjects.2Subjects who are 18 years of age or older at the time of signing the ICF are considered adults under local regulations.3Female subjects were not pregnant (see [Section 10.2 Appendix 2: Contraceptive Requirements], confirmed by serum pregnancy test and interview medical evaluation) and met at least one of the following criteria: a. Not a WOCBP (see [Section 10.2 Appendix 2: Contraceptive Requirements]) b. Agreed to follow the contraceptive guidelines (see [Section 10.2 Appendix 2: Contraceptive Requirements]) for at least 6 months from the date of informed consent until the last dose of the study drug.4Female participants must agree not to breastfeed throughout the study period, from the start of screening until 6 months after the last dose of the study drug.5Female participants were prohibited from donating eggs throughout the study period, from the time of screening until 6 months after the last dose of the study drug.6Male subjects whose female partners are of childbearing age (including breastfeeding partners) must agree to use contraception throughout the treatment period (see [Section 10.2 Appendix 2 “Contraception Requirements”]) and continue for 6 months after the last dose of the study drug.7Male subjects are prohibited from donating sperm during treatment and for 6 months after the last dose of the study drug.8Throughout the study period and for 6 months after the last dose of the study drug, male subjects with pregnant or breastfeeding partners must agree to abstain from sex or use condoms during their partner's pregnancy or breastfeeding period.9The subject's tumor sample was confirmed to be positive for CLDN18.2 expression by IHC testing at the central laboratory. If the subject had previously undergone CLDN18.2 testing of their tumor sample, the research center should contact the sponsor to assess whether these results could be used for enrollment eligibility determination; the research center should contact the sponsor and provide previous pathology reports to assess whether these results could be used for enrollment eligibility determination. If a pathology report is not available, the research center should provide as much information as possible.10Subjects had radiographically confirmed locally advanced unresectable or metastatic disease within 28 days prior to the first administration of the study drug.11According to investigator assessment, subjects had at least one measurable lesion (as determined by RECIST 1.1) within 28 days prior to the first administration of the study drug. For lesions at previous radiation therapy sites, those with confirmed progression were considered measurable.12Delete this standard.13The subjects' QTcF ≤ 470 msec.14Participants agreed not to participate in another intervention study while receiving the research intervention in this study.15The subject's ECOG fitness level was 0 or 1.16Researchers believe that the subjects' life expectancy is ≥12 weeks.17Within 7 days prior to the first dose of the study intervention, the subject's laboratory test results must meet all of the following criteria. If multiple laboratory data are available within this timeframe, the most recent data should be used. If the subject has recently received a blood transfusion, the laboratory tests must be performed ≥1 week after any transfusion. Hematology: Absolute neutrophil count ≥1500/μL; platelets ≥100,000/μL; hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL; albumin ≥2.5 g/dL; PT/INR and PTT ≤1.5×ULN (except for subjects receiving anticoagulation therapy) Kidneys: Creatinine eGFR* ≥45 mL/min/1.73 m3 *Using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaborative Study Group (CKD-EPI) creatinine formula (2021) online calculator https://www.kidney.org/professionals/kdoqi/gfr_calculator Liver: TBL meets one of the following criteria: a) ≤1.5×ULN (no liver metastases), or b) direct bilirubin ≤ULN and TBL ≤3.0×ULN (if liver metastases are present); AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤2.5×ULN, no liver metastases (or ≤5×ULN, liver metastases are present)18Monotherapy Disease-Specific Criteria: Gastric Cancer/GEJ Cancer 1. Subjects have histologically confirmed metastatic, locally advanced, unresectable gastric or/and/GEJ adenocarcinoma. 2a. Incremental Phase: Subjects with gastric or/and/GEJ adenocarcinoma whose disease progressed during standard therapy, were intolerant to standard therapy, refused standard therapy, or, in the investigator's clinical judgment, had no approved standard therapy that would produce significant clinical benefit (no limit on the number of prior treatment regimens). 2b. Expansion Phase: Subjects with gastric or/and/GEJ adenocarcinoma who have previously received ≤3 lines of systemic chemotherapy. Monotherapy Disease-Specific Criteria: Pancreatic Cancer 1. Subjects have histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 2a. Incremental Phase: Subjects with pancreatic adenocarcinoma whose disease progressed during standard therapy, were intolerant to standard therapy, refused standard therapy, or, in the investigator's clinical judgment, had no approved standard therapy that would produce significant clinical benefit (no limit on the number of prior treatment regimens). 2b. Expansion Phase: Subjects with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who have previously received ≤2 lines of systemic chemotherapy. Note: Subjects with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma will not be included in the monotherapy group.
- Participant has received other investigational agents, or antineoplastic therapy including other immunotherapy or devices concurrently or within 21 days or 5 times the half-life, whichever is shorter, prior to first dose of study intervention administration. Participant has any condition which makes the participant unsuitable for study participation. Participant has known immediate or delayed hypersensitivity or contraindication to any component of study intervention. Participant has had prior severe allergic reaction or intolerance to known ingredients of ASP2138 or other antibodies, including humanized or chimeric antibodies. Participant weighs < 40 kg. Participant has received systemic immunosuppressive therapy, including systemic corticosteroids 14 days prior to first dose of study intervention. Participant using a physiologic replacement dose of hydrocortisone or its equivalent (defined as up to 10 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent), receiving a single daily dose of systemic corticosteroids or receiving systemic corticosteroids as pre-medication for radiologic imaging contrast use are allowed. Participant has a complete gastric outlet syndrome or a partial gastric outlet syndrome with persistent/recurrent vomiting. Participant has significant gastric bleeding &/or untreated gastric ulcers that exclude the participant from participation. Participant has symptomatic CNS metastases or participant has evidence of unstable CNS metastases even if asymptomatic (e.g., progression on scans). Participants with previously treated CNS metastases are eligible, if they are clinically stable & have no evidence of CNS progression by imaging for at least 4 weeks prior to start of study intervention & are not requiring immunosuppressive doses of systemic steroids (> 10 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent) for longer than 2 weeks. Participant is known to have HIV infection. However, participants with cluster of differentiation (CD4) + T cell counts >= 350 cells/µL & no history of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining opportunistic infections within the past 6 months are eligible. NOTE: Screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection should be conducted per local requirements. Participant is known to have active hepatitis B (positive hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]) or hepatitis C infection. Testing is required for known history of these infections or as mandated by local requirements. NOTE: Screening for these infections should be conducted per local requirements. For participant who is negative for HBsAg, but hepatitis B core antibody (HBc Ab) positive, a hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) test will be performed & if positive the participant will be excluded. Participant with positive hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology, but negative HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) test results are eligible. Participant treated for HCV with undetectable viral load results are eligible Participant has had within 6 months prior to first dose of study intervention any of the following: unstable angina, myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmia requiring intervention or hospitalization for heart failure. Participant has active infection requiring systemic therapy that has not completely resolved within 7 days prior to the start of study intervention. Participant has active autoimmune disease that has required systemic immunosuppressive treatment within the past 1 month prior to the start of study intervention. Participant has a clinically significant disease or co-morbidity that may adversely affect the safe delivery of treatment within this study or make the participant unsuitable for study participation. Participant has psychiatric illness or social situations that would preclude study compliance. Participant has had a major surgical procedure 28 days before start of study intervention & has not fully recovered. Participant has received radiotherapy metastatic or for locally advanced unresectable gastric/GEJ or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma 14 days prior to start of study intervention & has NOT recovered from any related toxicity. Participant has another malignancy for which treatment is required. Participant who has received CLDN18.2-targeted therapy (e.g., zolbetuximab or chimeric antigen receptor CLDN18.2-specific T cells) prior to first dose of study intervention administration is not eligible for dose escalation cohorts. However, a participant who has received CLDN18.2-targeted therapy greater than 28 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to first dose study intervention administration is eligible for dose expansion cohorts only, with the exception of participants who have experienced Grade >= 3 gastrointestinal toxicity after receiving an CLDN18.2-targeted therapy. Participant has a history or complication of interstitial lung disease. China Specific: Participant who has received treatment with herbal medications that have known antitumor activity within 28 days prior to first dose of study treatment. For all participants in CT administration: Participant has prior severe allergic reaction; suspected, known immediate or delayed hypersensitivity; or intolerance or contraindication to any study intervention (i.e., pembrolizumab & mFOLFOX6 [all components], ramucirumab & paclitaxel or mFOLFIRINOX [all components]). For 5 FU (fluorouracil): Participant has known dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency. (NOTE: Screening for DPD deficiency should be conducted per local requirements). Participants who have received systemic immunosuppressive therapy, including systemic corticosteroids 14 days prior to the first dose of study intervention are generally excluded; however, participants using a physiologic replacement dose of hydrocortisone or its equivalent (defined as up to 10 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent), receiving a single daily dose of systemic corticosteroids or receiving systemic corticosteroids as pre-medication for radiologic imaging contrast or for chemotherapy (as part of CT administration) are allowed. Participant is known to have HIV infection. NOTE: Differing from monotherapy administration, participants with CD4+ T cell counts ≥ 350 cells/µL & no history of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections within the past 6 months remain ineligible. NOTE: Screening for HIV infection should be conducted per local requirements. Participant has had uncontrolled high blood pressure within 6 months prior to the first dose of study intervention (Unique to EU: high blood pressure Stage 2 is defined as ≥ 140/90 mmHg). Participant has a history of ascites requiring drainage more than twice in the past 7 days. CTDS Exclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with Pembrolizumab & mFOLFOX6 as First-line Therapy in Gastric/GEJ Cancer: Participant has history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids, current pneumonitis, or has a history of interstitial lung disease. Participant received live-virus vaccination within 30 days prior to the first dose of study intervention. Participant has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study intervention or has been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Patients that require replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine [T4], insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) may be enrolled. CTDS Exclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with Ramucirumab & Paclitaxel as Second-line Therapy in Gastric/GEJ Cancer: History of cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack within 6 months prior to study intervention. Participant has significant vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm requiring surgical repair or recent peripheral arterial thrombosis) within 6 months prior to study intervention. Participant has evidence of a bleeding diathesis or significant coagulopathy. Participant has initiated new treatment with medications that affect the coagulation cascade with an INR ≥ 2 such as vitamin K antagonists, heparins & direct thrombin inhibitors or the use of factor Xa inhibitors within 28 days prior to the start of study intervention. Note: If the participant started receiving such medications more than 28 days prior to the start of study intervention & needs to continue, this is allowed. However, new anticoagulation medications may not be initiated within 28 days prior to the start of study intervention. Japan & Korea Specific: For All Participants in ASP2138 in Combination with Pembrolizumab & CAPOX: Participant has prior severe allergic reaction; suspected, known immediate or delayed hypersensitivity; or intolerance or contraindication to any study intervention (i.e., pembrolizumab & CAPOX [all components]). Participants who have received systemic immunosuppressive therapy, including systemic corticosteroids 14 days prior to the first dose of study intervention are generally excluded, however, participants using a physiologic replacement dose of hydrocortisone or its equivalent (defined as up to 10 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent), receiving a single dose of systemic corticosteroids or receiving systemic corticosteroids as pre-medication for radiologic imaging contrast or for chemotherapy (as part of CT administration) are allowed. Participant is known to have HIV infection. NOTE: Differing from monotherapy administration, participants with CD4+ T cell counts ≥ 350 cells/L & no history of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections within the past 6 months remain ineligible. NOTE: Screening for HIV infection should be conducted per local requirements. Participant has had uncontrolled high blood pressure within 6 months prior to the first dose of study intervention. Participant has a history of ascites requiring drainage more than twice in the past 7 days. Participant has known DPD deficiency. (NOTE: Screening for DPD deficiency should be conducted per local requirements). CTDS Exclusion Criteria: ASP2138 in Combination with Pembrolizumab & CAPOX as First-line Therapy in Gastric/GEJ Cancer: Participant has history of (noninfectious) pneumonitis that required steroids, current pneumonitis, or has a history of interstitial lung disease. Participant received live-virus vaccination within 30 days prior to the first dose of study intervention. Participant has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study intervention or has been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Participants who require replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine [T4], insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) may be enrolled.
- 1Subjects who received other investigational drugs or antitumor therapies (including other immunotherapies or devices) concurrently with or within 21 days or 5 times the half-life (whichever is shorter) prior to the first administration of the investigational drug. Subjects who received herbal treatments known to have antitumor activity within 28 days prior to the first administration of the investigational treatment.2The researchers believed that some of the participants were unsuitable to participate in the study.3Subjects are known to have immediate or delayed hypersensitivity to any component of the study intervention, or have contraindications.4Subjects had a history of severe allergic reactions or intolerance to known components of ASP2138 or other antibodies (including humanized or chimeric antibodies).5Subjects weighed less than 40 kg.6Subjects had received systemic immunosuppressive therapy, including systemic corticosteroids, within 14 days prior to the first administration of the study drug. Subjects were permitted to use physiological alternative doses of hydrocortisone or its equivalents (defined as a maximum of 10 mg prednisone or its equivalent daily), receive a single daily dose of systemic corticosteroids, or receive systemic corticosteroids as pre-medication for imaging contrast agents.7Subjects had complete gastric outlet syndrome or partial gastric outlet syndrome with persistent/recurrent vomiting.8Subjects with severe gastric bleeding and/or untreated gastric ulcers were excluded from the study based on the researchers' judgment.9Subjects with symptomatic CNS metastases or evidence of unstable CNS metastases, even if asymptomatic (e.g., scans showing progression), are eligible to participate in the study if they have previously received treatment for CNS metastases and are clinically stable with no radiographic evidence of CNS progression for at least 4 weeks prior to the start of the study intervention, and do not require more than 2 weeks of systemic steroid therapy (prednisone >10 mg/day or equivalent).10Participants are known to be HIV-positive. However, participants with a CD4+ T cell count ≥350 cells/μL and no history of opportunistic infections related to AIDS within the past 6 months are eligible to participate in the study. Note: HIV infection screening should be conducted according to local requirements.11Subjects are known to have active hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) or hepatitis C infection. Testing is required for subjects with a known history of such infection, or testing is mandatory according to local requirements. Note: Screening for these infections should be conducted according to local requirements. Subjects who are HBsAg negative but HBc Ab positive will undergo HBV DNA testing; if the result is positive, the subject will be excluded. Subjects who are HCV serologically positive but have a negative HCV RNA test result are eligible to participate in the study. Subjects who have received HCV treatment and whose viral load is undetectable are eligible to participate in the study.12Subjects must have any of the following conditions within 6 months prior to the first administration of the study drug: unstable angina, myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmia requiring intervention, or hospitalization due to heart failure.13Subjects had an active infection requiring systemic treatment that had not fully resolved within 7 days prior to the start of administration of the study drug.14Subjects with active autoimmune diseases and who required systemic immunosuppressive therapy within one month prior to the start of study drug administration.15Subjects with clinically significant diseases or comorbidities that researchers believe may adversely affect the safety of treatment in this study or make them unsuitable to participate in the study.16If a participant has a mental illness or social condition, the researcher may determine that this would hinder research compliance.17Subjects who had undergone major surgery within 28 days prior to the start of study drug administration and who, according to the investigator's clinical judgment, had not yet fully recovered.18Subjects who had received radiotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced unresectable gastric/GEJ or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma within 14 days prior to the start of study drug administration and had not yet recovered from any related toxicities.19The subject had another malignant tumor and needed treatment based on the researchers' clinical judgment.20Subjects who received CLDN18.2-targeted therapy (e.g., zolbetuximab or chimeric antigen receptor CLDN18.2-specific T cells) prior to the first dose of the investigational drug were ineligible for the dose escalation cohort. However, subjects who received CLDN18.2-targeted therapy more than 28 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to the first dose of the investigational drug were only eligible for the dose expansion cohort, except for subjects who experienced ≥ grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity after receiving CLDN18.2-targeted therapy.twenty oneSubjects had a history of interstitial lung disease or complications.
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